JAMB UTME - Chemistry - 2006

Redox Reactions

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 3 Report

The oxidation of the compound above produces

2-butanone Correct answer

2-butanal

3-butanal

3-butanone

Answer Details

The compound shown in the question is 2-butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone. The oxidation of 2-butanone produces 2-butanal, also known as butyraldehyde. The carbonyl group (C=O) in the 2-butanone is converted to an aldehyde group (-CHO) during the oxidation reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is 2-butanal.

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 4 Report

In the industrial production of H2 from natural gas the CO2 produced along with the H2 is removed by

washing under pressure Correct answer

drying over phosphorus (V) oxide

passing the mixture into lime water

using ammonical copper (I) chloride

Answer Details

In the industrial production of hydrogen gas from natural gas, carbon dioxide is produced as a byproduct. To remove the carbon dioxide from the hydrogen gas, the mixture is washed under pressure. Therefore, the correct option is "washing under pressure."

Read lesson note on Chemistry And Industry (JAMB)

Chemistry And Industry

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Question 5 Report

The order in which a mixture of sand, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride can be separated is

dissolution ? dryness ? filtration ? evaporation

filtration ? sublimation ? evaporation ? dryness

sublimation ? dissolution ? filtration ? evaporation Correct answer

dissolution ? filtration ? sublimation ? evaporation

Answer Details

To separate a mixture of sand, ammonium chloride, and sodium chloride, we need to use methods that take advantage of their distinct physical properties: ammonium chloride can sublime, sodium chloride is soluble in water, and sand is neither soluble in water nor sublimes.

The correct order of separation steps should be:

Sublimation: Heat the mixture to sublime the ammonium chloride. Ammonium chloride will transition from solid to gas without passing through the liquid phase, leaving behind sand and sodium chloride.
Dissolution: Dissolve the remaining mixture of sand and sodium chloride in water. Sodium chloride is soluble in water, while sand is not.
Filtration: Filter the mixture to separate the insoluble sand from the sodium chloride solution.
Evaporation: Evaporate the water from the sodium chloride solution to obtain solid sodium chloride.

Given these steps, the correct order is:

C. sublimation → dissolution → filtration → evaporation

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 6 Report

The sulphide which is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid is

FeS

CuS Correct answer

ZnS

Na2S

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 7 Report

The ion that will give a white precipitate with aqueous NaOH and soluble in excess of the base is

Ca2+

Mg2+

Zn2+ Correct answer

Cu2+

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only)

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Question 8 Report

The volume of 2.5 moles of oxygen at s.t.p is

[Molar volume of a gas at s.t.p = 22.4 dm3]

50.0 dm3

84.0 dm3

28.0 dm3

56.0 dm3 Correct answer

Answer Details

The question is asking for the volume of 2.5 moles of oxygen at standard temperature and pressure (s.t.p), given that the molar volume of a gas at s.t.p is 22.4 dm^3. To solve this problem, we can use the following formula: Volume = (number of moles) x (molar volume at s.t.p) Substituting the given values, we get: Volume = 2.5 mol x 22.4 dm^3/mol Volume = 56.0 dm^3 Therefore, the volume of 2.5 moles of oxygen at s.t.p is 56.0 dm^3. So, the answer is the last option: 56.0 dm^3.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 9 Report

A particle that contains 11 protons, 12 neutrons and 10 electrons is probably a

neutral non-metal

metallic ion Correct answer

non-metallic ion

neutral metal

Answer Details

The particle described in the question has 11 protons, which makes it an atom of the element sodium (Na) since the atomic number of sodium is 11. The particle also has 12 neutrons, which means it has a mass number of 23 (11 protons + 12 neutrons = 23). However, the particle has 10 electrons, which is not the same as the number of protons. Therefore, the particle has a charge of +1 since it has one less electron than protons. This means that the particle is a metallic ion. So, the correct option is "metallic ion".

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 10 Report

The solution that will conduct the highest amount of electricity is

0.5 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid Correct answer

2.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid

0.5 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid

2.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Non-metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Non-metals And Their Compounds

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Question 11 Report

Na2CO3(g) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

How many moles of sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) are there in a 25 cm3 solution which required 10cm3 of 0.05 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid solution to neutralize it?

1.000 mole

0.100 mole

0.010 mole Correct answer

0.111 mole

Answer Details

\frac{C_{A} V_{A}}{C_{B} V_{B}} = \frac{a}{b}

$\frac{0.05 \times 10}{C_{B} \times 25} = \frac{2}{1}$

50CB = 0.5

CB = $\frac{0.5}{50} = \frac{5}{100}$

= 0.01

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 12 Report

Dynamic equilibrium describes a situation where

a reaction gives back the reactant

te concentration of the reactant and products is equal

both forward and and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate

Correct answer

reactants are converted to products

Answer Details

Dynamic equilibrium describes a situation where both forward and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentration of reactants and products over time. This means that even though the reaction is still ongoing, the concentrations of both reactants and products remain constant. It is important to note that the reactants and products are still being converted into each other, but at the same rate. This state of balance can only be reached under certain conditions, such as constant temperature and pressure.

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

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Question 13 Report

CH3 - CH2 - C CH

The hybridization in the compound above is

Sp2

sp3 and sp2

sp3 and sp Correct answer

Answer Details

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Question 14 Report

When 50cm2 of a saturated solution of sugar of molar mass 342 g at 40oC was evaporated to dryness, 34.2g of dry solid was obtained. The solubility of sugar at 40oC is

2.0 mol dm-3 Correct answer

3.5 mol dm-3

7.0 mol dm-3

10.0 mol dm-3

Answer Details

The question is asking for the solubility of sugar at 40°C given the mass of dry solid obtained after evaporating a known volume of a saturated solution of sugar. To solve this problem, we need to use the formula: Solubility = (mass of solute ÷ molar mass of solute) ÷ (volume of solvent in dm³) Using the given data, we can find the mass of sugar dissolved in 50cm³ of the saturated solution: mass of sugar = 34.2g Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of sugar dissolved: number of moles = mass of sugar ÷ molar mass of sugar = 34.2g ÷ 342g/mol = 0.1mol Finally, we can use the formula to calculate the solubility: solubility = (0.1mol ÷ 0.05dm³) = 2.0 mol dm⁻³ Therefore, the solubility of sugar at 40°C is 2.0 mol dm⁻³. The main labels for this question would be: Chemistry, Solubility, Sugar, Saturated solution, Evaporation, Molar mass, Volume, Mass.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 15 Report

One mole of a hydrocarbon contains 36g of carbon and its vapour density is 20. The structure of the hydrocarbon is

CH3C ≡ CH Correct answer

CH3CH = CH2

CH3CH2C ≡ CH

CH3CH2 CH3

Answer Details

2VD = Rmm VD = Vapour density; Rmm - Relative
2 * 20 = 40 Molecular mass
Mole of carbon = 36/12 = 3
Mole of H2 = 40 - 36 = 4
The compound contains 3 mole of carbon and 4 hydrogen

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Question 16 Report

A difference between chemical and physical change is that in a chemical change

oxygen is consumed

heat is supplied

a reversible process oocurs

a new substance is formed Correct answer

Answer Details

The main difference between chemical and physical change is that in a chemical change a new substance is formed. In other words, the chemical composition of the original substance changes, resulting in the formation of a new substance with different chemical and physical properties. Physical changes, on the other hand, do not involve a change in the chemical composition of the substance. In physical changes, only the physical properties of the substance such as its shape, size, color, or state of matter may change, but the chemical identity of the substance remains the same.

Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 17 Report

If 30cm3 of gas at 50oC is warmed to 80o at a fixed pressure, the fractional increase in volume is

0.009

0.093 Correct answer

0.910

1.090

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 18 Report

Which of the following typically represents a photochemical reaction?

Formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen molecules

Conversion of dinitrogen (IV) oxide to nitrogen (IV) oxide

Decomposition of calcium hydroxide to its oxide

Conversion of silver halides to grey metallic silver Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Chemical Industry And Environment (WAEC)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

Chemical Industry And Environment

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Question 19 Report

In which of the following is the oxidation number of sulphur equal to -2?

H2S Correct answer

SO 2

SO 32-

Answer Details

The oxidation number of an element is a number that represents the number of electrons that an atom has gained or lost. In the case of sulfur, it can have different oxidation numbers depending on the compound it is present in. When the oxidation number of sulfur is -2, it means that sulfur has gained two electrons. So, we need to identify the compound in which sulfur has an oxidation number of -2. Out of the given options, only the second option - H2S - contains sulfur with an oxidation number of -2. In H2S, hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 and sulfur has an oxidation number of -2, which makes the overall charge of the compound neutral. In the other options: - S8 is a form of elemental sulfur and has an oxidation number of 0 since it is uncombined. - SO2 contains sulfur with an oxidation number of +4. - SO32- contains sulfur with an oxidation number of +4. Therefore, the correct answer is the second option - H2S.

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 20 Report

Carbon exist naturally in the combined state as

graphite

coal

diamond

wood Correct answer

Answer Details

Carbon exists naturally in the combined state as all of the options provided: graphite, coal, diamond, and wood. Graphite is a form of carbon that is used in pencils, while coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Diamond is a precious gemstone made entirely of carbon atoms arranged in a crystal lattice structure, while wood is a natural composite material made up of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, all of which contain carbon. Therefore, the correct answer is that carbon exists naturally in the combined state as graphite, coal, diamond, and wood.

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 21 Report

An emulsion may be produced by shaking a detergent solution with

palm wine

ethanoic acid

palm oil Correct answer

water

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Solubility (JAMB)

Solubility

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Question 22 Report

The group IA metals are not found free in nature because they

are very reactive and unstable Correct answer

are malleable and ductile

have high melting and boiling point

conduct heat and electricity

Answer Details

The question is asking why the group IA metals are not found free in nature. The correct answer is "are very reactive and unstable." This means that the group IA metals, such as sodium and potassium, react very easily with other elements in the environment and are not stable enough to exist on their own. They are typically found in combination with other elements, such as sodium chloride (table salt), rather than in their pure, free form. The other options are not correct because they do not explain why the group IA metals are not found free in nature.

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Structure Of The Atom (WAEC)

Metals And Their Compounds

Structure Of The Atom

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Question 23 Report

The idea of planetary electron was that of

Rutherford Correct answer

Thompson

Bohr

Dalton

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 24 Report

The ion that can be used as an oxidizing agent is

Au3+

Fe3+

F- Correct answer

Ca2+

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 25 Report

On heating, which of the following compounds will decompose to the free metal, nitrogen (IV) oxide and oxygen?

Ca(NO3)2

Cu(NO3)2

AgNO3 Correct answer

NaNO3

Answer Details

AgNO3 → 2Ag + O2 + 2NO2

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 26 Report

Zinc and carbon rods are used as anode and cathode respectively in a

Leclanche cell Correct answer

lead accumulator

Daniel cell

voltaic cell

Answer Details

Zinc and carbon rods are used as anode and cathode respectively in a type of battery called a "Leclanche cell".

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Question 27 Report

When a crystal was added to the clear solution of its salt, the crystal did not dissolve and the solution remained unchange. This showed that the solution was

supersaturated

concentrated

unsaturated

saturated Correct answer

Answer Details

The observation that a crystal added to a clear solution of its salt does not dissolve and the solution remains unchanged indicates that the solution is already holding as much of the salt as it can at that particular temperature. This means that the solution is saturated with the salt. Therefore, the correct option is "saturated".

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Non-metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only)

Non-metals And Their Compounds

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Question 28 Report

The efficiency of a solid catalyst to increase reaction rates depends on its

surface area Correct answer

solubility

concentration

quantity

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium System (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium System (Nigeria Only)

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Question 29 Report

An example of aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon is

pentane

butanol

propene Correct answer

benzene

Answer Details

An aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon that does not contain any aromatic rings and has at least one double or triple bond between its carbon atoms. Pentane is an example of an aliphatic hydrocarbon, but it is not unsaturated, meaning it contains only single bonds between its carbon atoms. Butanol is also aliphatic, but it contains an -OH group and does not have any double or triple bonds. Propene, on the other hand, is an aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon because it has one double bond between its two carbon atoms. Finally, benzene is not aliphatic, but rather it is an aromatic hydrocarbon, which contains at least one aromatic ring with alternating double bonds. Therefore, the correct answer is "propene."

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 30 Report

In the diagram above, gas X is

hydrogen

chlorine

oxygen Correct answer

hydrogen chloride

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 31 Report

The gas obtained as a product of anaerobic action on organic matter buried in the earth is

ethene

methane Correct answer

carbon (IV) oxide

nitrogen (IV) oxide

Answer Details

The gas obtained as a product of anaerobic action on organic matter buried in the earth is methane. Anaerobic decomposition of organic matter such as dead plants and animals, in the absence of oxygen, leads to the formation of methane gas, which is a major component of natural gas. Methane is also a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 32 Report

In the diagram above, mixture Y is

NH4NO3(s) + CaSO4(s),/sub>

NH4CL(s) + NaNO2(s)

NH4NO2(s) + Na2SO4(s)

NH4CL(s) + Ca(OH)2(s) Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 33 Report

Which of the following results in the fall of acid rain?

Oxides of lead

Particulate matter

Oxides of sulphur Correct answer

Gaseous hydrocarbon

Answer Details

The presence of certain gases and particles in the air can contribute to the formation of acid rain. Acid rain occurs when rainwater mixes with these gases and particles, forming acidic solutions that fall to the ground. Out of the given options, the oxides of sulfur are known to be the main contributor to acid rain. When sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are released into the atmosphere, they react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid, respectively. These acids then fall to the ground in the form of acid rain, damaging forests, lakes, and other ecosystems. Therefore, the correct answer is "Oxides of sulphur."

Read lesson note on Environmental Pollution (JAMB)

Environmental Pollution

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Question 34 Report

What is the molar mass of a substance, if 0.4 mole of the substance has a mass of 25.0g?

62.5 g Correct answer

40.0 g

6.3 g

2.5 g

Answer Details

The molar mass of a substance is the mass of one mole of the substance. We are given that 0.4 mole of the substance has a mass of 25.0 g. To find the molar mass, we can use the formula: Molar mass = Mass / Number of moles Plugging in the given values, we get: Molar mass = 25.0 g / 0.4 mol Simplifying this expression, we get: Molar mass = 62.5 g/mol Therefore, the molar mass of the substance is 62.5 g/mol. Answer: 62.5 g

Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 35 Report

Which of the following functional groups will give gas bubbles when treated with a saturated solution of sodium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (IV)?

B Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium System (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Ghana Only)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium System (Nigeria Only)

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Question 36 Report

Which of the following has an isomer?

C6H6

C2H6

C4H10 Correct answer

C2H4

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 37 Report

2-methylbut-2-ene has the structure

D Correct answer

Answer Details

The structure of 2-methylbut-2-ene can be determined by identifying the location of the double bond and the position of the methyl group. The name indicates that there are four carbon atoms in the main chain, with a methyl group attached to the second carbon and the double bond between the second and third carbon. Looking at the options, it can be seen that option A and B have the double bond between the first and second carbon, which is incorrect. Option C has the correct position of the double bond, but the methyl group is attached to the first carbon instead of the second carbon. Therefore, the correct structure for 2-methylbut-2-ene is option D, where the double bond is between the second and third carbon and the methyl group is attached to the second carbon.

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 38 Report

Nigerian crude oil is described as light crude because of its

low sulphur content
Correct answer

high natural gas content

high octane number

low aliphatic-hydrocarbon content

Answer Details

Nigerian crude oil is described as light crude because of its low sulfur content. "Light crude" refers to the oil's density and refers to crude oil that has low viscosity and low specific gravity. Low sulfur content is also a characteristic of light crude oil, which makes it less polluting when burned.

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Ghana Only)

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Question 39 Report

A decrease in atomic size and an increase in nuclear charge across a period lead to

an increase in the tendency to lose electron

an increase in chemical reactivity Correct answer

a decrease in electropositivity

a decrease in covalency in bond formation

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 40 Report

Which of the following pairs of substance will react further with oxygen to form a higher oxide?

CO2 and H2O

NO and H2O

CO and CO2

SO2 and NO Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 41 Report

The products of the combustion of candle wax are

hydrogen and water

oxygen and water

carbon (IV) oxide and water Correct answer

carbon (II) oxide and water

Answer Details

When a candle is burned, the heat of the flame melts the wax near the wick. This liquid wax then moves up the wick, where the heat of the flame vaporizes the liquid wax molecules. These vaporized molecules react with oxygen from the air to form new compounds, releasing heat and light in the process. The main products of the combustion of candle wax are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Therefore, the correct answer is "carbon (IV) oxide and water."

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Acids, Bases And Salts

Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only)

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Question 42 Report

The element with the electron configuration 1s22s22p3 is

calcium

chlorine

oxygen

nitrogen Correct answer

Answer Details

The electron configuration provided in the question indicates that the element has two electrons in its 1s orbital, two electrons in its 2s orbital, two electrons in its 2p orbital, and three electrons in its 3p orbital. Based on this electron configuration, the element is "nitrogen."

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 43 Report

The characteristic colour of the flame shown when a copper sail moistened with concentrated hydrochloric acid on a platinum wire is put on bunsen burner is

lilac

green
Correct answer

yellow

brick-red

Answer Details

When a copper salt moistened with concentrated hydrochloric acid is placed on a platinum wire and introduced into a flame, it produces a characteristic green color. This is due to the emission of photons by excited copper atoms as they return to their ground state. The photons emitted have a wavelength of about 510 nm, which corresponds to the green part of the visible spectrum. Therefore, the correct answer is green.

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 44 Report

If the heat of combustion of hydrogen is -285.8kJ,

What is the heat of formation of water?

+571.6 kJ

-571.6 kJ

-285.8 kJ Correct answer

+285.8 kJ

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Energy Changes (JAMB)

Energy Changes

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Question 45 Report

H2(g) + Br2(g) → 2HBr(g)

The above reaction is carried out at 25oC. ΔH is -72 kJ mol-1 and ΔS is - 106 J mol-1K-1, the reaction will

not proceed spontaneously at the given Correct answer

proceed spontaneously at the given temperature

proceed in the reverse direction at the given temperature

proceed spontenously at lower temperature

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 46 Report

5SO2(g) + 2KMnO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4(aq) + 2H2SO4(aq)

In the reaction above, the products give a

purple solution

purple precipitate

colourless precipitate

colourless solution Correct answer

Answer Details

The reaction given is a chemical equation. It represents a chemical change where reactants combine to form products. The equation shows the reactants on the left-hand side and the products on the right-hand side. In this particular equation, the reactants are 5SO2(g), 2KMnO4(aq), and 2H2O(l). The products are K2SO4, 2MnSO4(aq), and 2H2SO4(aq). Now, to answer the question, the equation does not involve any purple solution or purple precipitate, so we can eliminate the first two options. The products of the reaction are K2SO4, 2MnSO4(aq), and 2H2SO4(aq). None of these products is a colourless precipitate, so we can eliminate the third option as well. Therefore, the correct answer is that the products give a colourless solution.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)